The Munster branch who served as Earls of Desmond, were located at Dingle and were known as the Knights of Kerry. [1]The original Barony of Desmond in the province of Munster was held by descendants of Thomas FitzMaurice FitzGerald, Lord of O'Connelloe.Thomas was a younger son of Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan, a key supporter … Sir Walter Raleigh and the poet Edmund Spenser were among those who received some of the land. The title ‘earl of Desmond’, created by Edward III in 1329, derives from the Irish Des-Mumha (‘South Munster’), for the earldom was based in the province of Munster. A discussion of English colonization of the vast estates in Munster, Ireland, that belonged to the 14th (or 15th) earl of Desmond, who died in 1583 while in rebellion against the English crown. By May 1581, most of the minor rebels and FitzGerald allies in Munster and Leinster had accepted Elizabeth I's offer of a general pardon. A Price on Desmond’s Head . Maurice FitzThomas FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond (died 25 January 1356) in Dublin Castle, Dublin, Ireland was an Irish nobleman in the Peerage of Ireland, Captain of Desmond Castle in Kinsale, so-called ruler of Munster, and for a short time Lord Justice of Ireland.Called "Maurice the Great", he led a rebellion against the Crown, but he was ultimately restored to favour. Rooted in the feudal tradition of a bygone era, from which he derived his status and wealth, the world outside his Munster domain had moved on. The greatest Irish noble of his time, he later led the Anglo-Irish against the English. And it should be noted that often there was friendly interaction with the Kings of Desmond: for example the wife of the last MacCarthy Mor was a sister of the then Earl of Desmond! They were estimated to have owned one million acres of land and they had castles in the baronies of Coshmore and Coshbride in Waterford. The Geraldine earl was pursued by English forces until the end. The Earls of Desmond: the Rise and Fall of a Munster Lordship by Gerald O'Carroll Niall C.E.J. (3) Maurice’s two eldest sons, Thomas and Gerald, were the founders of what would become the great Anglo-Irish earldoms of Desmond (Deas Mumhan/South Munster) and Kildare respectively. By 1579 the writing was on the wall for Desmond. O Brien The Earls of Desmond: The Rise and fall of a Munster Lordship By Gerald O’Carroll “At last the complicated history of the Earls of Desmond has been unravelled into a readable format. The Earls of Desmond of course became totally gaelicised and indeed rebelled strongly against the British governments, losing all in the end. 2 ‘Coyne and Livery’ were traditional exactions by Irish chiefs of food and billeting for their attendants and horses, or money His son, Maurice FitzThomas or FitzGerald (d.1356), inheriting the vast estates in Munster, was created 1st Earl of Desmond (South Munster) on 22nd-August-1329 by King Edward III of England. From 1581 to 1583, his supporters evaded capture in the mountains of Kerry. ! In 1329 Maurice, head of the Munster Fitzgeralds, was created earl of Desmond, but this powerful family was extin guished in the "besmond War" of 1579-83 when Gerald, the last true earl, was killed and his territories confiscated. The title of Earl of Desmond has been held historically by lords in Ireland, first as a title outside of the peerage system and later as part of the Peerage of Ireland. Between the years 1329 and 1601, sixteen Fitzgeralds held the title ‘Earl of Desmond’. However, the third earl of Desmond, Gerald fitz Maurice, was faced with a more hostile Ó Briain ruler. For roughly fifteen years, from 1369 until the mid-1380s, the Uí Bhriain of Thomond, led by Brian Sreamhach Ó Briain, posed a serious danger to the earldom of Desmond and Munster in general. John of Desmond was killed north of Cork in early 1582. The Kingdom of Desmond was a historic kingdom in southwestern Ireland. Desmond was organized as a county for a time but ultimately its western part was added to county Kerry. (Irish: Deasmhumhain, meaning "South Munster") It was founded in 1118 by Tadhg Mac Cárthaigh, King of Munster when the Treaty of Glanmire formally divided the Kingdom of Munster into Desmond and Thomond (Tuadh-Mhumhain, "North Munster").It comprised all of what is now County Cork and most of County Kerry.
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